Candida Vaginitis – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention

Candida vaginitis, also known as vaginal yeast infection, is a common condition that affects many women at some point in their lives. It is caused by an overgrowth of the yeast Candida, which is normally present in the vagina in small amounts. When the balance of bacteria in the vagina is disrupted, the yeast can multiply and cause an infection.

The main symptom of candida vaginitis is an abnormal discharge that is often thick, white, and cottage cheese-like in appearance. Women with this condition may also experience itching, burning, and redness in the vaginal area. These symptoms can be uncomfortable and disruptive to daily life.

Treatment for candida vaginitis typically involves the use of antifungal medications. These can be applied topically in the form of creams or suppositories, or taken orally as a pill. The duration of treatment may vary depending on the severity of the infection, but most cases can be successfully treated within a week.

In addition to medication, there are also preventive measures that can help reduce the risk of candida vaginitis. These include maintaining good personal hygiene, wearing breathable underwear, avoiding tight-fitting clothing, and avoiding the use of scented products in the vaginal area.

It is important for women experiencing symptoms of candida vaginitis to seek medical attention for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. While this condition is common and usually not serious, it is important to rule out other possible causes of vaginal symptoms and ensure proper management.

Causes of Candida Vaginitis

Candida vaginitis, also known as vaginal yeast infection, is primarily caused by the overgrowth of a fungus called Candida. Candida is a type of yeast that is naturally present in the vaginal area, along with other bacteria. However, an imbalance in the vaginal microbiota can lead to the overgrowth of Candida, resulting in an infection.

The following factors can contribute to the development of Candida vaginitis:

1. Hormonal changes:

Hormonal fluctuations, such as those that occur during pregnancy or the menstrual cycle, can disrupt the pH balance in the vagina and create an environment that is favorable for Candida overgrowth.

2. Antibiotics:

Taking antibiotics can disturb the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina, allowing Candida to multiply and cause an infection. Antibiotics can kill both harmful and beneficial bacteria, disrupting the vaginal microbiota.

3. Weakened immune system:

Having a weakened immune system, such as from medical conditions like diabetes or HIV, can make a person more susceptible to Candida vaginitis. A weakened immune system may not be able to effectively control the growth of Candida.

4. Uncontrolled diabetes:

Uncontrolled diabetes can create elevated levels of glucose in vaginal secretions, providing an ideal environment for Candida to grow and thrive. Women with poorly controlled diabetes are more prone to developing Candida vaginitis.

5. Sexual activity:

Intercourse can sometimes disrupt the vaginal pH balance and introduce foreign substances, such as lubricants or semen, which can promote the growth of Candida. It is important to maintain proper hygiene and cleanliness after sexual activity to minimize the risk of infection.

6. Personal hygiene:

Poor personal hygiene, such as not keeping the vaginal area clean and dry, can create a moist environment that favors Candida growth. It is important to wash the genital area with mild, unscented soap and water regularly and to dry thoroughly.

When Candida overgrows in the vagina, it can cause symptoms such as itching, redness, swelling, and a thick white discharge. Treatment options for Candida vaginitis include antifungal medications, both topical and oral, which can help to eliminate the yeast infection.

Symptoms of Candida Vaginitis

Candida vaginitis, also known as a yeast infection, is a common condition that affects many women. It is caused by an overgrowth of the fungus Candida in the vagina. The symptoms of Candida vaginitis can vary from person to person, but there are some common signs to look out for:

• Itching: One of the most common symptoms of Candida vaginitis is intense itching in and around the vagina. This itching can be persistent and may worsen at night.
• Burning: Many women with Candida vaginitis also experience a burning sensation, especially during urination or sexual intercourse.
• Abnormal discharge: An increase in vaginal discharge is another common symptom. The discharge is typically thick, white, and may have a cottage cheese-like texture.
• Redness and swelling: The external genital area may become red, swollen, and tender due to inflammation caused by the yeast infection.
• Soreness: Some women may also experience general discomfort or soreness in the vaginal area.

If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to see a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis. Candida vaginitis can usually be treated with antifungal medications, such as creams, suppositories, or oral tablets.

Risk Factors for Candida Vaginitis

There are several risk factors that can increase the likelihood of developing candida vaginitis. These include:

• Antibiotic use: Taking antibiotics can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina, creating an environment favorable for yeast overgrowth.
• Uncontrolled diabetes: High blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes can promote the growth of yeast.
• Pregnancy: Hormonal changes during pregnancy can increase the risk of developing candida vaginitis.
• Weak immune system: People with weakened immune systems are more susceptible to yeast infections.
• Use of hormonal contraceptives: Birth control pills and other hormonal contraceptives may alter the vaginal environment, making it more prone to yeast overgrowth.
• Sexual activity: Although candida vaginitis is not considered a sexually transmitted infection, sexual activity can increase the risk of developing a yeast infection.
• Poor hygiene habits: Not practicing good hygiene, such as wearing damp or tight-fitting clothing, can create a favorable environment for yeast overgrowth.
• Underlying medical conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as HIV/AIDS or any condition that affects the immune system, can make individuals more susceptible to yeast infections.

If you have any of these risk factors and are experiencing symptoms such as itching, burning, and abnormal discharge, it is important to seek medical attention for proper diagnosis and treatment. Antifungal medications are commonly used to treat candida vaginitis and can provide relief from symptoms.

Diagnosing Candida Vaginitis

Diagnosing candida vaginitis involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. If a woman experiences symptoms such as itching, burning, or a thick white discharge, she may have a candida yeast infection.

During the medical history assessment, the healthcare provider will ask about the patient’s symptoms, sexual history, previous yeast infections, and any current or recent use of medications that may affect vaginal flora. This information helps to determine if candida vaginitis is the likely cause of the symptoms.

In the physical examination, the healthcare provider will examine the vagina and cervix using a speculum. They may also take vaginal swabs to collect samples for further testing. The appearance of the vagina and the presence of any discharge can provide additional clues for diagnosis.

Laboratory tests are used to confirm the diagnosis of candida vaginitis. A microscopic examination of the vaginal swab sample can reveal the presence of candida yeast or hyphae, which are signs of infection. A culture may also be performed to identify the specific type of candida causing the infection.

If candida vaginitis is confirmed, treatment options include over-the-counter antifungal medications, prescription antifungal medications, or natural remedies. It is important to complete the full course of treatment, even if symptoms improve, to ensure the infection is fully cleared.

In some cases, recurrent candida vaginitis may require additional investigations to identify underlying factors that contribute to the recurrent infections. This may include testing for underlying conditions such as diabetes or immune system disorders.

Complications of Candida Vaginitis

Candida vaginitis, also known as yeast infection, is a common infection that affects many women. While it is usually not a serious condition, it can lead to complications if left untreated or if the infection spreads to other parts of the body.

One of the most common complications of candida vaginitis is recurrent infections. Some women may experience multiple episodes of infection, leading to chronic discomfort and frustration. Recurrent infections may occur due to factors such as a weakened immune system, hormonal changes, or certain medications.

In some cases, untreated candida vaginitis can lead to a condition called chronic vulvovaginal candidiasis. This is characterized by frequent episodes of itching, burning, and discharge that persist for months or even years. Chronic vulvovaginal candidiasis can significantly impact a woman’s quality of life, causing physical discomfort and emotional distress.

Additionally, if a candida infection spreads beyond the vagina and vulva, it can lead to more serious complications. This can include infections in the urinary tract, leading to symptoms such as pain and frequent urination. In rare cases, the infection can even spread to the bloodstream, causing a condition known as invasive candidiasis, which is a medical emergency.

Treatment for candida vaginitis typically involves antifungal medications, which can help to alleviate symptoms and eliminate the infection. It is important to follow the prescribed treatment plan and complete the full course of medication, even if symptoms improve. Failure to do so may increase the risk of recurrent infections or complications.

In addition to medication, there are also lifestyle changes that can help prevent complications of candida vaginitis. This includes practicing good hygiene, avoiding irritants such as scented products or tight-fitting clothing, and maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle to support a strong immune system.

If you experience symptoms such as persistent itching, burning, or abnormal discharge, it is important to seek medical attention for proper diagnosis and treatment. Early intervention can help prevent complications and ensure a speedy recovery from candida vaginitis.

Prevention of Candida Vaginitis

Candida vaginitis, or vaginal yeast infection, is a common condition caused by the overgrowth of the Candida fungus in the vagina. It can cause discomfort and distressing symptoms such as itching, burning, and abnormal discharge. While there are effective treatments available, it’s always better to prevent the infection in the first place.

To reduce the risk of developing Candida vaginitis, here are some preventive measures you can take:

1. Maintain good vaginal hygiene: Keeping the vaginal area clean and dry is crucial in preventing yeast infections. Avoid using harsh soaps, douches, or perfumed feminine products, as these can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina and increase the risk of infection. Instead, use mild, unscented soap and water to cleanse the area.

2. Wear breathable underwear: Choose underwear made from natural fibers like cotton, which allows for better air circulation and helps keep the vaginal area dry. Avoid tight-fitting clothing or synthetic fabrics that can trap moisture and create a favorable environment for yeast to thrive.

3. Practice safe sex: The Candida fungus can be transmitted through sexual intercourse, so it’s important to use barriers like condoms or dental dams to reduce the risk of infection. Additionally, it’s advisable to urinate and clean the genital area before and after sexual activity to minimize the chances of introducing foreign bacteria into the vagina.

4. Avoid excessive antibiotic use: Antibiotics can disrupt the balance of bacteria in the vagina, making it more susceptible to yeast overgrowth. Only take antibiotics when prescribed by a healthcare professional and follow the recommended dosage. If you’re prone to yeast infections, discuss alternative treatments with your doctor.

5. Maintain a healthy lifestyle: A strong immune system can help prevent yeast infections. Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and probiotics, as they can promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the body. Regular exercise, adequate sleep, and stress management also contribute to overall immune health.

6. Be mindful of personal care products: Some scented soaps, bubble baths, and hygiene products can irritate the vaginal area and disrupt its natural pH balance. Opt for fragrance-free or hypoallergenic options, or consider using plain water for cleansing.

By following these preventive measures, you can reduce your risk of developing Candida vaginitis and minimize the discomfort it causes. However, if you do experience recurrent or severe symptoms, it’s essential to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment.

Lifestyle Changes for Managing Candida Vaginitis

If you are experiencing yeast infection symptoms caused by candida vaginitis, making certain lifestyle changes can help manage the condition and prevent its recurrence. Here are some recommended changes you can incorporate into your daily routine:

1. Maintain Proper Hygiene

Good hygiene is crucial for managing candida vaginitis. Make sure to wash your genital area with mild, unscented soap and water daily. Avoid using perfumed products or douching, as these can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria and yeast.

2. Wear Breathable Clothing

Candida thrives in warm, moist environments. To prevent the growth of yeast, choose underwear made of breathable fabrics like cotton, and avoid tight-fitting pants or leggings.

3. Avoid Irritants

Some products or activities can irritate the sensitive genital area and worsen infection symptoms. Avoid using scented toilet paper, bubble baths, and harsh detergents. Additionally, refrain from wearing wet swimsuits for extended periods.

4. Follow a Healthy Diet

A diet rich in nutrients can support your immune system and help maintain a healthy balance of bacteria and yeast in your body. Include probiotic-rich foods like yogurt, kefir, and sauerkraut in your diet to promote good gut health.

5. Limit Sugar Intake

Yeast feeds on sugar, so reducing your sugar intake can be beneficial for managing candida vaginitis. Avoid consuming excessive amounts of sugary foods and drinks.

6. Practice Safe Sex

Sexual activity can introduce additional bacteria into the vaginal area. Use condoms to protect against sexually transmitted infections, and consider washing before and after intercourse to reduce the risk of contamination.

7. Manage Stress

Stress can weaken your immune system, making you more susceptible to infections. Find healthy ways to manage stress, such as through exercise, meditation, or counseling.

While lifestyle changes can help manage candida vaginitis, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. They may prescribe antifungal medications or recommend additional measures to alleviate symptoms and prevent recurrence.

Over-the-Counter Treatments for Candida Vaginitis

When experiencing the uncomfortable symptoms of candida vaginitis, it’s important to seek treatment to alleviate the burning, itching, and other discomfort caused by the yeast infection. Over-the-counter antifungal treatments can be a convenient option for those looking to treat candida vaginitis at home.

Most over-the-counter antifungal treatments for candida vaginitis come in the form of creams, ointments, or suppositories. These treatments usually contain active ingredients such as miconazole or clotrimazole that help to kill the candida yeast and relieve symptoms.

It’s important to read and follow the instructions provided with the over-the-counter treatment carefully. Typically, the treatment is applied directly to the affected area or inserted into the vagina as directed. Some treatments may require multiple applications over several days to effectively eliminate the candida infection.

While over-the-counter treatments can provide relief for candida vaginitis, it’s important to note that they may not be as effective as prescription medications. If symptoms persist or worsen after using over-the-counter treatments, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation and treatment options.

In addition to using over-the-counter treatments, practicing good hygiene can also help prevent and manage candida vaginitis. Avoiding tight-fitting clothing, wearing breathable cotton underwear, and practicing proper genital hygiene can all contribute to a healthier vaginal environment.

Remember, while over-the-counter antifungal treatments can help alleviate the symptoms of candida vaginitis, it’s always best to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and personalized treatment plan.

Prescription Medications for Candida Vaginitis

Prescription medications are commonly used for the treatment of candida vaginitis, a common type of vaginal yeast infection caused by the overgrowth of the Candida fungus. These antifungal medications are available in various forms, including oral tablets, vaginal creams, and suppositories.

Antifungal medications work by targeting the Candida fungus and killing it, thereby relieving the symptoms associated with the infection. The most commonly prescribed medications for candida vaginitis include:

Medication	Form	Usage
Fluconazole	Oral tablet	Taken once as a single dose
Clotrimazole	Vaginal cream or suppository	Applied nightly for 7 to 14 days
Miconazole	Vaginal cream or suppository	Applied nightly for 3 to 7 days

These medications are generally safe and effective for the treatment of candida vaginitis. However, it is important to follow the prescribed dosage and duration of treatment to ensure optimal results. It is also recommended to complete the full course of treatment, even if symptoms improve before the medication is finished.

Symptoms of candida vaginitis, such as itching, burning, and abnormal discharge, should start to improve within a few days of starting treatment. If symptoms worsen or do not improve after several days of treatment, it is important to consult a healthcare provider for further evaluation and possible alternative therapies.

In addition to prescription medications, there are also over-the-counter antifungal treatments available for candida vaginitis. However, it is advisable to consult a healthcare provider before using these medications, especially if experiencing recurring or severe infections.

Overall, prescription medications are an effective option for the treatment of candida vaginitis. They can help relieve the uncomfortable symptoms associated with the infection and promote a faster recovery.

Natural Remedies for Candida Vaginitis

If you are experiencing candida vaginitis, there are several natural remedies that can help alleviate the symptoms and promote healing.

• Garlic: Garlic has antifungal properties that can help combat the candida infection. You can consume raw garlic or take garlic supplements to boost your immune system and fight off the infection.
• Probiotics: Probiotics can help restore the balance of good bacteria in your vagina and prevent the overgrowth of candida. You can take probiotic supplements or consume probiotic-rich foods like yogurt.
• Tea tree oil: Tea tree oil has antifungal properties that can help reduce the itching and burning associated with candida vaginitis. Dilute a few drops of tea tree oil with a carrier oil and apply it to the affected area.
• Apple cider vinegar: Apple cider vinegar can help restore the pH balance in your vagina and prevent the overgrowth of candida. Mix two tablespoons of apple cider vinegar with warm water and use it as a vaginal wash.
• Cranberry juice: Cranberry juice can help flush out the candida infection and prevent it from recurring. Drink unsweetened cranberry juice regularly to promote healing.

While these natural remedies can provide relief, it is important to consult with your healthcare provider for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan. They may recommend antifungal medications or other treatment options to effectively treat candida vaginitis.

Dietary Changes for Candida Vaginitis

In addition to medical treatment options, making dietary changes can help manage the symptoms of candida vaginitis. By adjusting your diet, you can support your body’s natural defense against the infection and reduce the risk of recurrence.

Foods to Avoid

When dealing with candida vaginitis, it is important to avoid foods that can promote the growth of yeast in the body. These include:

Foods to Avoid	Reason
Sugar and sugary foods	Yeast thrives on sugar, so limiting its intake can help control the infection.
Refined grains	Processed grains can break down into sugars and contribute to yeast overgrowth.
Alcohol	Alcohol can disrupt the balance of bacteria in the body, making it more susceptible to infections.
Dairy products	Lactose in dairy products can feed yeast, so it is best to avoid them during an active infection.

Foods to Include

On the other hand, incorporating certain foods into your diet can be beneficial for managing candida vaginitis:

• Probiotic-rich foods: Consuming yogurt, kefir, sauerkraut, and other probiotic foods can help replenish the good bacteria in your body, which can combat yeast overgrowth.
• Garlic: Known for its antifungal properties, garlic can be useful in fighting the infection.
• Coconut oil: Coconut oil contains a natural antifungal agent called lauric acid, which can help control the growth of yeast.
• Non-starchy vegetables: Vegetables like broccoli, spinach, and kale are low in sugar and can provide essential nutrients while limiting yeast-promoting foods.
• Whole grains: Opt for whole grains like quinoa, brown rice, and oats instead of refined grains to help maintain a balanced diet.

It is important to consult with your healthcare provider or a registered dietitian for specific dietary recommendations tailored to your individual needs. They can provide guidance on creating a well-rounded diet plan to support your overall health and manage candida vaginitis.

Probiotics for Candida Vaginitis

In addition to antifungal medications, another treatment option for candida vaginitis is the use of probiotics. Probiotics are good bacteria that can help restore the natural balance of microorganisms in the vagina, preventing the overgrowth of candida yeast that causes the infection.

There is evidence to suggest that certain strains of probiotics, such as Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus rhamnosus, are effective in reducing symptoms of candida vaginitis. These strains produce acidic substances that create an unfavorable environment for the growth of candida, reducing itching, burning, and abnormal discharge associated with the infection.

Probiotics can be taken orally or applied directly to the vagina in the form of suppositories or creams. It is important to choose a high-quality probiotic product that contains the specific strains mentioned above to ensure maximum effectiveness.

While probiotics can be helpful in the treatment of candida vaginitis, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any treatment. They can provide guidance on the appropriate use of probiotics and recommend the best course of action based on individual circumstances.

Alternative Therapies for Candida Vaginitis

While traditional antifungal medications are the most common treatment for candida vaginitis, there are also alternative therapies that can help alleviate symptoms and promote healing. These alternative therapies are often used in conjunction with antifungal medications or as standalone treatments.

1. Home Remedies

Many women find relief from candida vaginitis symptoms by using home remedies. For itching and burning, applying cold compresses or ice packs to the affected area can help soothe the discomfort. Additionally, a sitz bath with warm water and a few drops of essential oils, such as tea tree oil or lavender oil, can provide relief. Some women also find relief by inserting a garlic clove or yogurt-filled tampon into the vagina, as these natural ingredients have antifungal properties.

2. Probiotics

Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that can help restore the natural balance of microorganisms in the vagina. Eating foods rich in probiotics, such as yogurt or kefir, or taking probiotic supplements can help prevent and treat candida vaginitis. Probiotics can help inhibit the growth of candida yeast and promote the growth of healthy bacteria, reducing the risk of infection and aiding in the recovery process.

3. Herbal Supplements

Various herbal supplements have antifungal properties that can help fight candida infections. Examples include garlic, oregano oil, and caprylic acid. These supplements can be taken orally or used topically to alleviate symptoms and promote healing. It’s important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any herbal supplements to ensure safety and effectiveness.

While alternative therapies can provide relief for candida vaginitis symptoms, it’s important to note that they may not completely eliminate the infection. If symptoms persist or worsen, it is advisable to seek medical attention and consider traditional antifungal medications prescribed by a healthcare professional.

Surgical Options for Candida Vaginitis

In most cases, candida vaginitis can be effectively treated with antifungal medications. These medications work by killing the yeast that causes the infection and reducing the symptoms such as itching, burning, and abnormal discharge. However, in rare cases where the infection is severe and does not respond to other treatments, surgical options may be considered.

Hysterectomy

A hysterectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the uterus. While it is not a common treatment for candida vaginitis, it may be recommended in some cases where the infection is recurrent or persistent. Removing the uterus can eliminate the source of the infection and prevent future episodes of candida vaginitis.

Vaginal Reconstruction Surgery

In cases where the candida infection has caused significant damage to the vaginal tissues, vaginal reconstruction surgery may be necessary. This procedure involves repairing and rebuilding the damaged tissues to restore normal function and alleviate symptoms. It is typically reserved for severe cases where other treatments have failed.

It is important to note that surgical options are usually only considered as a last resort for candida vaginitis. Most cases can be effectively managed with antifungal medications and good hygiene practices. If you are experiencing symptoms of candida vaginitis, it is best to consult with your healthcare provider to determine the most appropriate treatment plan for your specific situation.

Outlook for Candida Vaginitis

Candida vaginitis, also known as yeast infection, is a common condition that affects many women. Fortunately, it is easily treatable with antifungal medication.

With proper treatment, most cases of Candida vaginitis resolve within a week or two. The antifungal medications work to eliminate the yeast and relieve symptoms such as itching, burning, and abnormal discharge.

If left untreated, Candida vaginitis can cause discomfort and may lead to complications. It is important to seek treatment when symptoms arise to prevent the infection from spreading or recurring.

It is worth noting that Candida vaginitis can sometimes be mistaken for other types of vaginal infections. This is why it is essential to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

While antifungal medications typically provide quick relief, it is important to finish the entire course of treatment, even if symptoms improve. This helps ensure that the infection is fully eradicated and reduces the risk of recurrence.

In addition to medication, practicing good hygiene and avoiding irritants can also help prevent Candida vaginitis. Wearing breathable cotton underwear, avoiding douching, and maintaining a balanced diet can contribute to a healthy vaginal environment.

Overall, with proper treatment and preventative measures, the outlook for Candida vaginitis is positive. By seeking timely medical attention and adopting good hygiene practices, women can effectively manage and prevent recurrent episodes of this common vaginal infection.

Q&A:

What is candida vaginitis?

Candida vaginitis, also known as vaginal yeast infection, is a common condition in women caused by an overgrowth of the fungus Candida in the vagina.

What are the causes of candida vaginitis?

Candida vaginitis can be caused by several factors including hormonal changes, a weakened immune system, the use of antibiotics, pregnancy, diabetes, and certain lifestyle habits such as wearing tight-fitting clothing or using scented products.

What are the symptoms of candida vaginitis?

The symptoms of candida vaginitis include itching, burning, redness and swelling of the vulva, vaginal discharge that is white and thick, pain during intercourse or urination, and sometimes a rash.

How is candida vaginitis diagnosed?

Candida vaginitis can be diagnosed through a physical examination and a microscopic examination of a sample of vaginal discharge. In some cases, further tests may be required to rule out other possible causes of the symptoms.

What are the treatment options for candida vaginitis?

The treatment options for candida vaginitis include antifungal medications, such as creams, suppositories, or oral tablets, that are inserted into the vagina or taken orally. It is also important to avoid irritants, maintain good hygiene, wear breathable underwear, and make certain lifestyle changes to prevent the recurrence of the infection.

What is candida vaginitis?

Candida vaginitis, also known as vaginal yeast infection, is a common condition caused by an overgrowth of the fungus Candida in the vagina.

What are the causes of candida vaginitis?

Candida vaginitis can be caused by various factors, including a weaken immune system, hormonal changes, antibiotic use, diabetes, pregnancy, and sexual intercourse.

What are the symptoms of candida vaginitis?

The symptoms of candida vaginitis include itching, burning, redness, swelling, and a thick white discharge that resembles cottage cheese.

How is candida vaginitis treated?

Candida vaginitis can be treated with over-the-counter antifungal creams or suppositories. In severe cases or recurrent infections, a doctor may prescribe oral antifungal medication.