Causes and Effects of Infection-Related Ear Ringing

Ear infections can be a common and uncomfortable condition that affects people of all ages. One symptom that often accompanies these infections is a persistent ringing in the ears, also known as tinnitus. While some cases of tinnitus may be temporary and resolve on their own, it can also be a sign of a more serious underlying problem.

Ear infections can cause ear ringing due to several factors. The infection itself may lead to inflammation and swelling in the ears, which can disrupt the normal functioning of the ear canal and auditory system. This disruption can result in a sensation of ringing or buzzing sounds in the ears. Infections can also lead to the accumulation of fluid in the middle ear, which can further contribute to the development of tinnitus.

The causes of ear infections vary, but they commonly occur due to bacterial or viral infections. These infections can occur in the outer, middle, or inner ear and can be caused by factors such as respiratory infections, allergies, or changes in air pressure. Inflammation and blockage of the Eustachian tubes, which connect the middle ear to the back of the throat, can also contribute to the development of infection-related ear ringing.

The effects of infection-related ear ringing can be disruptive to daily life. The constant ringing or buzzing sounds can lead to difficulty concentrating, trouble sleeping, and increased stress levels. It can also affect a person’s ability to hear clearly and communicate effectively. Seeking medical attention and proper treatment for ear infections can help alleviate the symptoms of tinnitus and prevent further complications.

Symptoms and Diagnosis of Infection-Related Ear Ringing

Infection-related ear ringing, also known as tinnitus, is a condition characterized by a persistent ringing, buzzing, or humming sound in the ears. It is often a symptom of an underlying ear infection caused by bacteria or viruses.

Common symptoms of infection-related ear ringing can include:

Constant or intermittent ringing in one or both ears
Buzzing or humming noises
Difficulty hearing or understanding conversations
Sensitivity to loud noises
Headache or dizziness
Ear pain or discomfort

Diagnosing infection-related ear ringing:

If you experience persistent ear ringing or any of the above symptoms, it is important to seek medical attention for a proper diagnosis. A healthcare professional, such as an otolaryngologist, will evaluate your symptoms and medical history. They may perform a physical examination of the ears, including a visual inspection and assessments of your hearing capabilities.

In some cases, additional tests may be ordered to determine the cause of the ear ringing. These tests can include:

Hearing tests, such as audiometry, to measure your hearing abilities
Imaging tests, such as a CT scan or MRI, to identify any structural abnormalities or damage in the ear
Blood tests to check for signs of infection or other underlying conditions

Once a diagnosis is made, appropriate treatment options can be recommended to address the underlying infection and alleviate the symptoms of ear ringing. It is important to follow the prescribed treatment plan and communicate any changes or new symptoms to your healthcare provider.

Understanding Ear Infections and Ringing

Ear infections can cause a wide range of symptoms, including ear ringing. Infection-related ear ringing, also known as tinnitus, is a common condition where individuals perceive a ringing or buzzing sound in their ears without any external stimulus.

Causes of Ear Infections

There are several factors that can contribute to ear infections. Bacterial or viral infections are the most common causes of ear infections. These infections can occur in the middle ear, inner ear, or outer ear. Middle ear infections, also known as otitis media, often occur due to a buildup of fluid behind the eardrum. Inner ear infections, known as labyrinthitis, can be caused by viral or bacterial infections that affect the delicate structures of the inner ear. Outer ear infections, also called swimmer’s ear, result from moisture buildup and can be caused by bacteria or fungi.

Effect of Ear Infections on Ringing

When the ear becomes infected, it can disrupt the normal functioning of the auditory system. In some cases, the infection and inflammation can affect the hair cells in the inner ear that are responsible for transmitting sound signals to the brain. This can result in abnormal electrical activity in the auditory system, leading to the perception of ringing in the ears. Additionally, the pressure changes and fluid buildup associated with ear infections can also contribute to the development of tinnitus.

It is important to note that not all individuals with ear infections will experience ringing in their ears. The severity and duration of the infection, as well as individual susceptibility, can vary from person to person. If you are experiencing symptoms of an ear infection, including ear ringing, it is recommended to seek medical attention for proper diagnosis and treatment.

The Role of Bacterial Infections in Ear Ringing

Bacterial infections can often be a contributing factor to the development of ear ringing, also known as tinnitus. The ear is a complex organ that can be susceptible to various types of infections. When bacteria enter the ear, they can cause inflammation and damage to the delicate structures within.

One common type of bacterial infection that can lead to ear ringing is otitis media, also known as a middle ear infection. This infection typically occurs when bacteria from the throat or respiratory tract enter the middle ear space. The presence of bacteria in the middle ear can disrupt the normal function of the ear, leading to tinnitus.

Another bacterial infection that can cause ear ringing is labyrinthitis. This infection occurs when bacteria enter the inner ear, which is responsible for helping us maintain balance. Infections in the inner ear can cause inflammation and damage to the structures that transmit sound signals to the brain, resulting in tinnitus.

It is important to note that not all cases of ear ringing are caused by bacterial infections. Other factors, such as exposure to loud noises, aging, and certain medications, can also contribute to the development of tinnitus. However, bacterial infections can play a significant role in the onset and persistence of ear ringing.

To prevent bacterial infections that can cause ear ringing, practicing good hygiene, such as regular handwashing, can help reduce the risk of bacteria entering the ear. If you suspect you have a bacterial infection in your ear, it is important to seek medical attention for proper diagnosis and treatment. By addressing the underlying infection, you may be able to alleviate or reduce the symptoms of ear ringing.

Common Viral Infections that Can Cause Ear Ringing

Ear ringing, also known as tinnitus, can be caused by a variety of factors, including viral infections. Viruses are microscopic organisms that can invade the body and cause various health issues including respiratory problems, fever, and in some cases, ear ringing.

Influenza

Influenza, or the flu, is a contagious viral infection that primarily affects the respiratory system. However, in some cases, it can also lead to tinnitus. The flu virus can cause inflammation and swelling in the ear, which can result in a ringing sensation. This symptom is usually temporary and resolves once the infection has subsided.

Cold

The common cold is another viral infection that can contribute to ear ringing. The cold virus can affect the Eustachian tube, which connects the middle ear to the back of the throat. When the Eustachian tube becomes inflamed or blocked due to a cold, it can disrupt the normal functioning of the ear and lead to tinnitus.

Note: It’s important to seek medical attention if you experience persistent or severe ear ringing, as it could be a sign of a more serious underlying condition.

Overall, viral infections can cause ear ringing by interfering with the delicate structures and mechanisms of the ear. While the ringing is often temporary and resolves with the infection, it’s essential to take proper care of your health and seek medical advice if necessary.

Effects of Infection-Related Ear Ringing on Hearing

Infection can cause a variety of symptoms, including ear ringing. When a person develops an infection in their ear, it can lead to inflammation and fluid buildup. This can affect the functioning of the ear and lead to a range of effects on hearing.

One of the most common effects of infection-related ear ringing is a decrease in hearing ability. The presence of inflammation and fluid can interfere with the transmission of sound waves, resulting in muffled or reduced hearing. In some cases, the ringing in the ear may also be accompanied by a feeling of fullness or pressure.

In addition to hearing loss, infection-related ear ringing can also lead to difficulties in understanding speech. The distortion of sound caused by the infection can make it harder to comprehend spoken words, especially in noisy environments. This can impact communication and make it challenging to participate in conversations or follow instructions.

Furthermore, the persistent ringing in the ear can also have detrimental effects on a person’s overall well-being. The constant noise can cause discomfort, irritability, and difficulty concentrating. It may disrupt sleep and lead to fatigue, affecting one’s daily activities and quality of life.

In some cases, if left untreated, infection-related ear ringing can result in further complications. Chronic ear infections can lead to permanent hearing loss or damage to the structures within the ear. It is essential to seek medical attention promptly to prevent long-term consequences.

Effects of Infection-Related Ear Ringing on Hearing:

– Decreased hearing ability

– Difficulties in understanding speech

– Discomfort, irritability, and difficulty concentrating

– Potential for permanent hearing loss or damage

The Connection between Sinus Infections and Ear Ringing

Sinus infections can cause a variety of symptoms, including ear ringing, also known as tinnitus. Tinnitus is the perception of sound in the ears or head that does not have an external source. It can be a constant or intermittent sound, such as ringing, buzzing, hissing, or clicking, and can range in severity from mild to debilitating.

When sinus infections occur, the sinuses become inflamed and filled with mucus, leading to congestion and pressure. This congestion can affect the Eustachian tubes, which are small passages that connect the middle ear to the back of the nose and help regulate pressure. When the Eustachian tubes become blocked or do not function properly due to sinus congestion, it can result in ear fullness and tinnitus.

The pressure and inflammation caused by sinus infections can also affect the inner ear, which is responsible for transmitting sound signals to the brain. This disruption in the normal functioning of the inner ear can contribute to the perception of ear ringing.

It is important to note that not all individuals with sinus infections will experience ear ringing, and the severity and duration of tinnitus can vary. Other factors, such as the individual’s overall health, the specific type of sinus infection, and the presence of any underlying conditions, may also play a role in the development and persistence of ear ringing.

If you are experiencing ear ringing or other symptoms of a sinus infection, it is recommended to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Treating the underlying sinus infection can help alleviate symptoms, including ear ringing, and improve overall ear health.

How Allergies Can Contribute to Ear Ringing

Allergies can be a significant factor in causing ear ringing. When a person has allergies, their body’s immune system overreacts to harmless substances, such as pollen, pet dander, or certain foods. This immune system response can cause inflammation in various parts of the body, including the ears.

The inflammation caused by allergies can affect the Eustachian tube, a small passage that connects the middle ear to the back of the nose and throat. When the Eustachian tube becomes inflamed, it can result in a condition known as Eustachian tube dysfunction.

Eustachian tube dysfunction can lead to a feeling of fullness in the ears, muffled hearing, and yes, ear ringing. The inflammation and additional pressure on the inner ear can disrupt its normal function, leading to the perception of sound that is not actually present.

It’s important for individuals with allergies to manage their symptoms effectively to reduce the risk of ear ringing. This may involve taking antihistamines or nasal sprays to control the allergic response and reduce inflammation. Consulting with a healthcare professional can help determine the best course of treatment for allergy-related ear ringing.

Treatment Options for Infection-Related Ear Ringing

If you are experiencing ear ringing as a result of an infection, it is important to seek treatment as soon as possible. The cause of the infection will determine the appropriate treatment options. Here are some of the common treatment options for infection-related ear ringing:

Antibiotics: In cases where the infection is caused by bacteria, antibiotics may be prescribed by a healthcare professional. These medications can help eliminate the bacteria and reduce inflammation, which may help alleviate the ear ringing.
Antiviral Medications: If the infection is viral in nature, antiviral medications may be recommended. These medications can help fight against the viral infection and reduce its impact on the ear, potentially reducing the severity of the ringing.
Pain Relievers: Ear ringing can sometimes be accompanied by ear pain or discomfort. In such cases, over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen may be used to alleviate the pain and provide some relief from the ringing.
Decongestants: Infections like sinusitis can cause congestion in the nasal passages and eustachian tubes, leading to ear ringing. Decongestants can help reduce nasal congestion and improve the flow of air, potentially relieving the ringing sensation.
Ear Drops: Depending on the underlying cause of the infection, your healthcare provider may recommend ear drops to help alleviate the symptoms. These drops can help reduce inflammation, clear any blockages, and provide temporary relief from ear ringing.
Home Remedies: In addition to medical treatments, there are some home remedies that may provide relief from infection-related ear ringing. These may include using warm compresses, practicing relaxation techniques, avoiding loud noises, and maintaining good ear hygiene.

It is important to note that treatment options may vary depending on the specific infection and individual circumstances. Therefore, it is recommended to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan.

Antibiotics for Treating Infection-Related Ear Ringing

Infections can often be the cause of ear ringing. When the ear is infected, it can lead to a number of symptoms, including ringing or buzzing sounds in the ear. This condition, known as tinnitus, can be quite bothersome and affect a person’s quality of life. Fortunately, antibiotics can be an effective treatment option for infection-related ear ringing.

The use of antibiotics in treating ear infections is aimed at killing the bacteria or other microorganisms causing the infection. By eliminating the infection, antibiotics can help reduce inflammation and relieve the symptoms, including ear ringing. It’s important to note that antibiotics should only be used when prescribed by a healthcare professional.

When choosing the appropriate antibiotic for an infection-related ear ringing, the healthcare provider will take into consideration factors such as the specific type of infection, the patient’s medical history, and any potential allergies. Commonly prescribed antibiotics for treating ear infections include amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, and azithromycin.

It’s essential to follow the prescribed antibiotic regimen and complete the full course of treatment, even if the symptoms improve or disappear before the medication is finished. This is important to ensure that the infection is fully eradicated and to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance.

While antibiotics can be effective in treating infection-related ear ringing, it’s important to note that not all cases of tinnitus are caused by infections. Other underlying factors such as noise exposure, earwax buildup, or age-related hearing loss can also contribute to ear ringing. Therefore, a proper diagnosis by a healthcare professional is crucial in determining the most appropriate treatment approach.

Preventing Infection-Related Ear Ringing

To prevent ear infections, it is important to understand the causes and take necessary precautions. The most common cause of infection-related ear ringing is bacterial or viral infections that affect the ear canal or middle ear. Ear infections can occur due to several factors, such as swimming in contaminated water, a weakened immune system, or poor hygiene practices.

Here are some steps you can take to prevent infection-related ear ringing:

1. Maintain good hygiene: Keep your ears clean by regularly washing them with mild soap and warm water. Avoid using cotton swabs or any other objects to clean your ears, as this can push wax deeper into the ear canal and increase the risk of infection.

2. Avoid exposure to contaminated water: When swimming or engaging in water-related activities, make sure to wear earplugs to prevent water from entering the ear canal. Avoid swimming in pools, lakes, or other bodies of water that may be contaminated.

3. Protect your ears during cold and flu season: During cold and flu season, cover your ears with a hat or earmuffs to prevent the entry of cold and viruses into the ear canal, which can lead to ear infections.

4. Boost your immune system: Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise, a balanced diet, and adequate sleep, can help strengthen your immune system and reduce the risk of infections.

5. Avoid smoking and second-hand smoke: Smoking and exposure to second-hand smoke can weaken the immune system and increase the risk of ear infections. Avoid smoking and stay away from areas where smoking is allowed.

6. Seek timely medical treatment: If you experience any symptoms of an ear infection, such as ear pain, fluid drainage, or hearing loss, seek prompt medical attention. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can help prevent complications and reduce the risk of infection-related ear ringing.

By following these preventative measures, you can greatly reduce the risk of infection-related ear ringing and maintain good ear health. Remember, prevention is always better than cure!

Long-Term Complications of Untreated Ear Infections

Untreated ear infections can lead to various long-term complications. One of the most common complications is ear ringing, also known as tinnitus. This condition is characterized by a persistent ringing, buzzing, or hissing sound in the ear.

When an ear infection goes untreated, the inflammation and fluid buildup can cause damage to the delicate structures of the ear, including the inner ear. The inner ear contains tiny hair cells that help convert sound waves into electrical signals, which are sent to the brain for interpretation. When these hair cells are damaged, they can misfire and send signals to the brain even when there is no external sound present, resulting in the perception of ringing in the ear.

While ear ringing may seem like a minor annoyance, it can have a significant impact on a person’s quality of life. It can disrupt sleep, make it difficult to concentrate, and cause feelings of frustration and anxiety. In some cases, it can even lead to depression and social isolation.

In addition to ear ringing, untreated ear infections can also cause hearing loss. The buildup of fluid and infection in the ear can interfere with the transmission of sound waves to the inner ear, resulting in a temporary or permanent loss of hearing. This can make it challenging to communicate and can affect a person’s ability to perform everyday tasks.

In rare cases, untreated ear infections can spread to nearby structures, such as the mastoid bone behind the ear or the brain. This can lead to serious complications, including mastoiditis or meningitis, which require immediate medical attention.

Possible long-term complications of untreated ear infections:
– Ear ringing (tinnitus)
– Hearing loss
– Spread of infection to nearby structures

When to Consult a Doctor for Ear Ringing

If you experience constant ringing in your ear that does not go away, it is important to consult a doctor. While occasional ear ringing can be common and not necessarily a cause for concern, persistent ear ringing can indicate an underlying infection or other health condition that requires medical attention.

Causes of Ear Ringing

There are several possible causes of ear ringing, including an ear infection. When you have an ear infection, it can cause inflammation and fluid buildup in the ear, which can lead to ringing or buzzing sounds. Other possible causes of ear ringing include hearing loss, exposure to loud noises, certain medications, and conditions such as tinnitus.

It is important to determine the underlying cause of the ear ringing, as this will guide the appropriate treatment. Consulting a doctor can help identify the cause and provide appropriate management options.

When to Seek Medical Attention

If you experience any of the following symptoms along with ear ringing, it is important to consult a doctor:

Severe or worsening ear pain: This could indicate a more serious infection or other ear-related condition.
Loss of hearing: If your ear ringing is accompanied by a loss of hearing, it could be a sign of an underlying issue that needs to be addressed.
Vertigo or dizziness: If you feel dizzy or experience a spinning sensation along with ear ringing, it could be a sign of a more serious condition.
Ear discharge: Any fluid or pus coming from your ear could indicate an infection that requires medical attention.

Overall, if you are concerned about your ear ringing or if it is causing significant discomfort or affecting your quality of life, it is best to consult a doctor. They can assess your symptoms, perform any necessary tests, and provide appropriate treatment or referrals to specialists if needed. Remember, it is always better to be safe and seek medical advice when it comes to your health.

Alternative Treatments for Infection-Related Ear Ringing

Ringing in the ear, also known as tinnitus, can be a distressing symptom of an ear infection. While medication and other conventional treatments are commonly used, alternative treatments can also provide relief and help manage the ringing sensation.

1. Herbal Remedies

Certain herbs have been found to have anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties, which can aid in reducing infection-related ear ringing. Some commonly used herbal remedies include:

Ginger: Ginger has been used for centuries in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory properties. Consuming ginger tea or taking ginger supplements may help alleviate ear ringing.
Garlic: Garlic is known for its antimicrobial properties, which may help fight off the infection causing the ear ringing. Incorporating garlic into your diet or taking garlic supplements can be beneficial.
Ginkgo Biloba: Ginkgo biloba is a herb that has been shown to improve blood circulation and reduce inflammation. Taking ginkgo biloba supplements may improve ear ringing symptoms.

2. Acupuncture

Acupuncture is a traditional Chinese medicine practice that involves inserting thin needles into specific points on the body. It is believed to stimulate the release of natural pain-relieving chemicals and promote overall well-being. Acupuncture has been reported to provide relief for tinnitus symptoms, including infection-related ear ringing.

It is important to note that while alternative treatments may provide relief, they should not replace medical advice or prescribed treatments. It is always recommended to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any alternative treatment for infection-related ear ringing.

Managing Chronic Ear Ringing with Lifestyle Changes

If you’re experiencing chronic ear ringing, also known as tinnitus, it’s important to understand that there are certain lifestyle changes you can make to help manage the condition. While the exact cause of tinnitus can vary, lifestyle factors can play a significant role in its onset and severity.

Protect your ears: Exposure to loud noises can damage the delicate structures in your ears and lead to tinnitus. It’s important to protect your ears by wearing earplugs or earmuffs in noisy environments, such as concerts or construction sites. Avoiding loud music or using earphones at low volumes can also help prevent further damage.

Manage stress: Stress can exacerbate the symptoms of tinnitus, so finding ways to manage and reduce stress is crucial. Engaging in relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing exercises or yoga, can help alleviate stress and improve overall well-being.

Avoid ototoxic substances: Certain medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antibiotics, and some chemotherapy drugs, can cause or worsen tinnitus. If you suspect a medication is causing your symptoms, speak with your healthcare professional about alternative options.

Maintain a healthy lifestyle: Adopting a healthy lifestyle can have a positive impact on tinnitus. This includes eating a balanced diet, getting regular exercise, and getting enough sleep. Avoiding excessive caffeine, alcohol, and nicotine consumption is also beneficial, as these substances can worsen tinnitus symptoms.

Seek support: Living with chronic ear ringing can be challenging, so it’s important to seek support from healthcare professionals, support groups, or counseling services. They can provide helpful advice, coping strategies, and emotional support to manage the psychological impact of tinnitus.

While there is no cure for tinnitus, making these lifestyle changes can help improve your quality of life and reduce the impact of chronic ear ringing. It’s important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the underlying cause of your tinnitus and develop a personalized management plan.

Potential Surgical Interventions for Infection-Related Ear Ringing

In some cases, infection-related ear ringing can persist even after the underlying infection has been treated. When this occurs, surgical interventions may be considered as a potential option to alleviate the ringing in the ears.

One possible surgical intervention is called tympanoplasty, which involves repairing the eardrum and middle ear structures that may have been damaged by the infection. This procedure aims to restore normal hearing and may help reduce or eliminate the ear ringing.

In cases where the infection has caused damage to the bones in the middle ear, a procedure called ossiculoplasty may be performed. This surgery involves rebuilding or replacing the damaged bones with prosthetic implants, allowing for improved transmission of sound and potentially reducing the ringing sensation.

In rare instances, when other treatment options have been unsuccessful, a surgical procedure known as vestibular neurectomy may be considered. This procedure involves removing the nerve responsible for transmitting balance information from the inner ear to the brain. While this surgery may effectively eliminate the ear ringing, it can also result in a loss of balance function on the affected side.

It is important to note that surgical interventions for infection-related ear ringing are not always necessary or recommended. The decision to pursue surgery should be made in consultation with a qualified ear, nose, and throat specialist, who can assess the individual’s specific condition and determine the most appropriate course of treatment.

Outlook for Infection-Related Ear Ringing

Ear ringing, also known as tinnitus, can be caused by various factors, including infection in the ear. When an infection occurs in the ear, it can lead to inflammation and damage to the sensitive structures responsible for hearing. This can result in the perception of ringing or buzzing noises in the ear.

The outlook for infection-related ear ringing depends on several factors. In many cases, the ringing may be temporary and resolve on its own once the underlying infection is treated. Antibiotics or antiviral medications may be prescribed to help clear the infection and reduce inflammation. In some cases, additional treatments such as ear drops or earwax removal may be necessary to alleviate symptoms.

However, in some cases, infection-related ear ringing may persist or become chronic. This can be due to ongoing inflammation or damage to the structures of the ear. In these situations, further medical evaluation and management may be needed. This could involve referral to an ear, nose, and throat specialist or audiologist for further assessment and treatment.

It’s important to seek medical attention if you experience persistent ear ringing or if the ringing is accompanied by other concerning symptoms such as hearing loss or dizziness. The outlook for infection-related ear ringing can vary depending on the individual and the underlying cause, but with appropriate treatment and management, many people are able to find relief from their symptoms.

Question and answer:

What is infection-related ear ringing?

Infection-related ear ringing, also known as tinnitus, is a condition where a person hears ringing or buzzing sounds in their ears. It is often associated with an underlying ear infection.

What are the causes of infection-related ear ringing?

The main cause of infection-related ear ringing is an ear infection, which can be bacterial or viral. Other causes may include sinus infections, allergies, and fluid buildup in the middle ear.

Is infection-related ear ringing a serious condition?

In most cases, infection-related ear ringing is not a serious condition and tends to improve once the underlying infection is treated. However, if the symptoms persist or worsen, it is recommended to see a doctor for further evaluation.

What are the effects of infection-related ear ringing?

Infection-related ear ringing can be bothersome and affect a person’s quality of life. It may cause difficulty concentrating, sleeping problems, and increased stress levels. In some cases, it can also lead to anxiety and depression.

How can infection-related ear ringing be treated?

The treatment of infection-related ear ringing depends on the underlying cause. Antibiotics may be prescribed for bacterial infections, antiviral medication for viral infections, and medications to reduce inflammation and fluid buildup in the ears. In some cases, surgery may be required to remove any blockages or correct underlying issues.

Can an ear infection cause ringing in the ears?

Yes, an ear infection can cause ringing in the ears. When there is an infection in the middle ear, it can cause fluid buildup and inflammation, which can affect the function of the inner ear and lead to tinnitus or ringing in the ears.

What are the symptoms of infection-related ear ringing?

The symptoms of infection-related ear ringing can vary from person to person, but common symptoms include a ringing, buzzing, or hissing sound in the ears, ear pain, hearing loss, dizziness, and a feeling of fullness or pressure in the ear.