UTI in Pregnancy: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Pregnancy is a beautiful journey that brings joy and excitement to women and their families. However, it also comes with its own set of challenges and health concerns. One such concern is urinary tract infections (UTIs) in pregnancy. UTIs occur when bacteria enter the urinary tract and multiply, leading to infection and discomfort.

Causes

During pregnancy, hormonal changes can affect the urinary tract, making it more susceptible to infections. Additionally, as the uterus grows, it can exert pressure on the bladder, hindering the complete emptying of urine and increasing the risk of UTIs. The presence of bacteria in the urinary tract may also be due to poor personal hygiene or sexual activity.

Symptoms

UTIs in pregnancy can manifest with various symptoms. These may include a frequent urge to urinate, a burning sensation during urination, cloudy or strong-smelling urine, and pelvic pain. Some women may also experience fever, chills, and back pain. It is important to recognize these symptoms and seek medical attention promptly to prevent complications.

Treatment

UTIs in pregnancy require immediate treatment to prevent complications such as kidney infections or preterm labor. Antibiotics are commonly prescribed to eliminate the infection. It is essential to take the full course of antibiotics as prescribed by the healthcare provider. Additionally, drinking plenty of water, practicing good personal hygiene, and urinating before and after sexual activity can help prevent UTIs in pregnancy.

In conclusion, UTIs in pregnancy can be a discomforting and potentially serious condition. Understanding the causes, recognizing the symptoms, and seeking timely treatment are crucial for the well-being of both the mother and the baby. By taking proper precautions and following the advice of healthcare professionals, women can navigate their pregnancy journey with confidence and peace of mind.

Understanding UTI in Pregnancy

A urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common concern during pregnancy. UTIs occur when bacteria enter the urinary tract and cause infection. Pregnant women are more susceptible to UTIs due to hormonal changes and physical changes in the urinary system.

UTIs can lead to complications during pregnancy if left untreated. They can increase the risk of preterm labor, low birth weight, and kidney infections. It is important for pregnant women to be aware of the symptoms of UTIs and seek prompt treatment.

The symptoms of UTIs in pregnancy are similar to those in non-pregnant women. They include a frequent urge to urinate, a burning sensation during urination, cloudy or strong-smelling urine, and pelvic pain. However, pregnant women may not experience these symptoms as strongly or consistently, making it important to have regular urine tests during prenatal check-ups.

Treatment for UTIs in pregnancy typically involves a course of antibiotics. It is important to take the full course of antibiotics, even if symptoms improve, to ensure that the infection is fully cleared. Drinking plenty of water and urinating frequently can also help flush out bacteria from the urinary tract.

Preventing UTIs in pregnancy involves maintaining good hygiene, wiping from front to back after urination or bowel movements, and wearing breathable underwear. It is also important to urinate before and after sexual activity to flush out any bacteria that may have entered the urinary tract.

In conclusion, understanding UTIs in pregnancy is crucial to ensure the health and well-being of both the mother and the baby. Regular prenatal check-ups and prompt treatment of UTIs can help prevent complications and ensure a healthy pregnancy.

Risk Factors for UTI in Pregnancy

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common among pregnant women and can lead to various complications if left untreated. Certain factors can increase the risk of developing a UTI during pregnancy:

Pregnant women are more susceptible to UTIs due to hormonal changes that affect the urinary tract.
Urinary stasis, which is the decreased movement of urine due to the pressure exerted by the growing uterus, can contribute to the development of UTIs.
Changes in the pH levels of the vagina during pregnancy can create an environment that is favorable for the growth of bacteria, increasing the risk of UTIs.
The close proximity of the urethra to the anus makes it easier for bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract to enter the urinary tract and cause infection.
Women with a history of UTIs or recurrent UTIs are at a higher risk of developing UTIs during pregnancy.
Having a catheter inserted during labor or other medical procedures can increase the risk of UTIs.

It is important for pregnant women to be aware of these risk factors and take preventive measures to reduce their chances of developing a UTI. Maintaining good hygiene, emptying the bladder regularly, and drinking plenty of water can help prevent UTIs in pregnancy.

Common Causes of UTI in Pregnancy

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common concern during pregnancy. The hormonal and physiological changes that occur during pregnancy can increase the risk of developing a UTI. Here are some common causes:

1. Hormonal Changes:

During pregnancy, the body produces more progesterone, which can relax the muscles in the urinary tract. This relaxation can cause urine to stagnate, increasing the risk of bacterial growth and infection.

2. Urinary Stasis:

As the pregnancy progresses, the growing uterus can put pressure on the bladder, making it difficult to completely empty the bladder. This can result in urine pooling, which provides a favorable environment for bacteria to multiply and cause an infection.

3. Increased Urine Production:

Pregnant women often experience an increase in urine production due to the increased blood flow to the kidneys and the pressure on the bladder. This increased urine production can lead to incomplete emptying of the bladder, increasing the risk of UTI.

4. Hormone-Mediated Changes in the Immune System:

Pregnancy hormones can affect the immune system, making it less efficient at fighting off infections. This weakened immune system can make pregnant women more susceptible to UTIs.

5. Urinary Tract Anatomy:

Some women may have anatomical differences in their urinary tract that make them more prone to UTIs. These differences can include a shorter urethra or a urethra that is closer to the anus, allowing bacteria to travel more easily into the urinary tract.

It is important for pregnant women to be aware of the common causes of UTIs and take steps to prevent them. This can include maintaining good hygiene, drinking plenty of water, emptying the bladder regularly, and avoiding irritants such as harsh soaps or douches.

If you suspect you have a UTI during pregnancy, it is important to seek medical attention promptly. UTIs can be treated with antibiotics that are safe for use during pregnancy, but they should not be left untreated as they can lead to complications.

Recognizing Symptoms of UTI in Pregnancy

A urinary tract infection (UTI) can occur at any time during pregnancy and can cause discomfort and potentially serious complications if left untreated. It is important for pregnant women to be aware of the symptoms of UTI so that they can seek appropriate medical attention.

The symptoms of UTI in pregnancy may include:

Common Symptoms	Less Common Symptoms
– Frequent urination	– Cloudy or strong-smelling urine
– Pain or burning sensation during urination	– Abdominal pain or discomfort
– Blood in the urine	– Fever or chills
– Lower back pain	– Nausea or vomiting

If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to consult your healthcare provider. They will be able to perform diagnostic tests to determine if you have a UTI and prescribe appropriate treatment if necessary. It is important not to ignore the symptoms of UTI during pregnancy as it can lead to complications such as preterm labor or other kidney-related problems.

In addition to seeking medical attention, pregnant women can take steps to prevent UTIs. These include drinking plenty of water, urinating frequently, and practicing good hygiene by wiping from front to back after using the toilet. Avoiding irritating substances such as bubble baths or feminine hygiene sprays can also help reduce the risk of UTI.

Overall, recognizing the symptoms of UTI in pregnancy is crucial for early detection and treatment. By being aware of the common symptoms and seeking medical attention promptly, pregnant women can help ensure a healthy pregnancy and reduce the risk of complications.

Impact of UTI on Pregnancy

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) during pregnancy can have significant implications for both the mother and the baby. It is important to promptly diagnose and treat UTIs in pregnant women to avoid potential complications.

UTIs can increase the risk of preterm labor and delivery. Infections in the urinary tract can lead to an inflammatory response, which may trigger contractions and premature rupture of membranes. This can result in a premature birth, which carries its own set of risks for the baby, such as respiratory difficulties and developmental delays.

Untreated UTIs in pregnancy can also lead to kidney infections, which can be more severe and require hospitalization. Kidney infections can increase the risk of high blood pressure and preeclampsia, a condition characterized by high blood pressure and damage to other organs, such as the liver and kidneys.

Furthermore, UTIs can also increase the risk of low birth weight in newborns. Infections and inflammation in the urinary tract can impair the baby’s growth and development, leading to a smaller birth weight. Low birth weight infants are at a higher risk of various complications, including respiratory distress syndrome and difficulty regulating body temperature.

Therefore, it is crucial for pregnant women to seek medical attention if they experience any symptoms of a UTI, such as frequent urination, pain or discomfort during urination, or cloudy or foul-smelling urine. Prompt diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and ensure a healthy pregnancy for both the mother and the baby.

Importance of Early Detection and Diagnosis

UTIs, or urinary tract infections, are a common infection that can occur during pregnancy. These infections can lead to discomfort and potentially serious complications if left untreated. That’s why it’s crucial to detect and diagnose a UTI as early as possible.

Early detection and diagnosis of a UTI in pregnancy can help prevent complications such as kidney infections, preterm labor, and low birth weight. Prompt treatment can also alleviate symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensations, and pelvic pain.

It’s important for pregnant women to be aware of the signs and symptoms of a UTI, such as cloudy or strong-smelling urine, a frequent urge to urinate, or a burning sensation during urination. If any of these symptoms occur, it’s crucial to seek medical attention and undergo testing for a UTI.

Healthcare providers can diagnose a UTI through a urine culture test, which detects the presence of bacteria in the urinary tract. Early diagnosis allows for timely treatment with appropriate antibiotics, which can effectively eliminate the infection.

In addition to medical intervention, there are also preventive measures that pregnant women can take to reduce the risk of developing a UTI. This includes drinking plenty of water, practicing good hygiene, wiping from front to back after using the bathroom, and urinating before and after sexual intercourse.

Overall, early detection and diagnosis of a UTI in pregnancy are crucial for both the mother and the developing baby’s health. By being vigilant for symptoms and seeking prompt medical attention, pregnant women can ensure the best possible outcomes for themselves and their babies.

Effectiveness of Different Diagnostic Methods

When it comes to diagnosing a urinary tract infection (UTI) in pregnant women, there are several methods that healthcare professionals may use. The effectiveness of these methods can vary, and it is important to choose the right diagnostic method to ensure an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

1. Urine Culture

One of the most common diagnostic methods for UTIs is a urine culture. This involves collecting a urine sample and sending it to a laboratory to be tested. The urine culture can identify the specific bacteria causing the infection and determine which antibiotics will be most effective in treating it. This method is generally considered highly accurate and is often recommended as the gold standard for UTI diagnosis.

2. Dipstick Test

Another diagnostic method frequently used for UTIs is a dipstick test. This involves dipping a strip with chemical reagents into a urine sample. The reagents on the strip change color based on the presence of certain substances, such as nitrites and leukocyte esterase, which may indicate a UTI. While a dipstick test can provide quick results, it is not as accurate as a urine culture and may produce false negatives or positives in some cases.

It is important to note that these diagnostic methods are not exclusive to pregnant women and can be used for UTI diagnosis in non-pregnant individuals as well. However, the proper interpretation and treatment of UTIs in pregnant women require special consideration due to potential risks to both the mother and the fetus.

Ultimately, the choice of diagnostic method for UTIs in pregnant women should be based on various factors, such as the severity of symptoms, the individual’s medical history, and the healthcare provider’s clinical judgment. It is essential to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment of UTIs during pregnancy.

Treating UTI During Pregnancy

When a UTI is diagnosed during pregnancy, prompt treatment is crucial to prevent complications. The medications used to treat UTIs in pregnant women are safe and effective for both the mother and the baby.

The most common antibiotic prescribed for UTIs is safe to take during pregnancy. It is important to finish the entire course of antibiotics to ensure that the infection is completely cleared. It is also essential to follow the doctor’s instructions and take the medication as prescribed.

In addition to taking antibiotics, there are several other steps a pregnant woman can take to help treat and prevent UTIs. These include drinking plenty of water to flush out the bacteria, urinating frequently to empty the bladder, and practicing good hygiene by wiping from front to back after using the toilet.

Preventing UTIs

Prevention is key when it comes to UTIs during pregnancy. Some ways to reduce the risk of developing a UTI include:

Drinking plenty of fluids
Urinating frequently
Wiping from front to back after using the toilet
Avoiding using harsh soaps or irritants in the genital area
Wearing loose, breathable cotton underwear
Avoiding holding in urine for long periods of time

When to Seek Medical Help

If you suspect you have a UTI during pregnancy, it is important to seek medical help right away. Untreated UTIs can lead to more serious infections and can potentially harm the baby. Symptoms that may indicate a UTI include a frequent urge to urinate, a burning sensation while urinating, cloudy or strong-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.

Overall, UTIs in pregnancy should be taken seriously and treated promptly. With the right medical treatment and self-care measures, most UTIs can be successfully treated without causing any harm to the mother or the baby.

Safety of Antibiotics in UTI Treatment

When it comes to treating urinary tract infections (UTIs) during pregnancy, antibiotics are commonly prescribed. Antibiotics are medications that can help fight off bacterial infections, including UTIs. While antibiotics can be effective in treating UTIs, it is important to consider their safety during pregnancy.

Risks and Benefits

Like any medication, antibiotics have potential risks and benefits. The risks associated with antibiotics in UTI treatment during pregnancy are relatively low. The benefits, however, can be significant. If left untreated, a UTI can lead to more serious complications and potentially harm both the mother and the baby.

It is important to note that not all antibiotics are safe for use during pregnancy. Some antibiotics may pose a risk to the developing fetus, while others are considered safe. Your healthcare provider will carefully consider the potential risks and benefits before prescribing an antibiotic for UTI treatment.

Safe Antibiotics for UTI Treatment

There are several antibiotics that are generally considered safe for use during pregnancy to treat UTIs. These include:

Antibiotic	Common Brand Names
Nitrofurantoin	Macrobid, Macrodantin
Cephalexin	Keflex
Amoxicillin	Amoxil, Augmentin
Ampicillin	Principen

These antibiotics have been used for many years in pregnancy and have not been found to cause harm to the developing baby. However, it is always important to follow your healthcare provider’s guidance and take the medication as prescribed.

In conclusion, antibiotics are commonly used for UTI treatment in pregnancy and can be safe when prescribed and taken properly. It is essential to discuss any concerns or questions with your healthcare provider to ensure the best treatment plan for you and your baby.

Natural Remedies for UTI in Pregnancy

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common during pregnancy and can cause discomfort and other complications if left untreated. While it’s always important to consult with a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment, there are also natural remedies that may help alleviate symptoms and promote healing.

1. Increase Water Intake

Staying hydrated is crucial in flushing out bacteria from the urinary tract. Drinking plenty of water can help dilute the urine and promote frequent urination, which aids in eliminating bacteria from the urinary system.

2. Cranberry Juice

Cranberry juice is commonly recommended as a natural remedy for UTIs due to its potential antibacterial properties. It may help prevent bacteria from attaching to the urinary tract walls, reducing the risk of infection. However, it’s essential to choose unsweetened, pure cranberry juice to avoid consuming excessive sugar.

Caution: Cranberry juice is not a substitute for medical treatment, and should only be used as a complementary therapy. It’s important to consult with a healthcare provider before using cranberry products, especially if you have any underlying health conditions or are taking medications.

3. Probiotics

Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that help maintain a healthy balance in the urinary tract and prevent the growth of harmful bacteria. Taking probiotic supplements or consuming probiotic-rich foods, such as yogurt, can help support the immune system and reduce the risk of UTIs.

4. Vitamin C

Vitamin C is known for its immune-boosting properties. It may help acidify the urine, creating an unfavorable environment for bacteria to thrive. Incorporating vitamin C-rich fruits and vegetables into your diet, such as oranges, strawberries, and broccoli, can help strengthen your immune system and potentially prevent UTIs.

It’s important to note that while these natural remedies may provide relief and support urinary tract health during pregnancy, they should never replace proper medical care. If you suspect you have a UTI, it’s crucial to contact your healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Preventing UTI During Pregnancy

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) can be common during pregnancy due to hormonal changes and the pressure that the growing uterus puts on the bladder. However, there are steps that can be taken to help prevent UTIs during pregnancy.

1. Stay hydrated: Drinking plenty of water helps flush out bacteria from the urinary tract and prevents infection. Aim for at least 8-10 glasses of water per day.

2. Practice good hygiene: It is important to wipe from front to back after using the toilet to prevent bacteria from entering the urethra. Additionally, regularly washing the genital area with mild soap and water can also help reduce the risk of infection.

3. Empty your bladder regularly: Avoid holding in urine for long periods of time. Emptying the bladder fully and frequently can help prevent bacteria from multiplying.

4. Urinate before and after sexual activity: This can help flush out any bacteria that may have entered the urethra during sex.

5. Wear loose, breathable clothing: Tight-fitting clothes can trap moisture, creating a favorable environment for bacterial growth. Opt for loose-fitting, cotton underwear and avoid wearing tight pants or leggings for extended periods of time.

6. Avoid using irritating products: Certain personal hygiene products such as harsh soaps, bubble baths, and scented sprays can irritate the genital area and increase the risk of UTIs. Stick to gentle, unscented products.

7. Take prenatal vitamins: Prenatal vitamins contain nutrients that support a healthy immune system and overall wellbeing, which can help prevent infections.

8. Follow recommended guidelines for prenatal care: Regular prenatal visits and following your healthcare provider’s guidelines for nutrition and overall health can help minimize the risk of UTIs during pregnancy.

By following these preventive measures, you can reduce the likelihood of developing a urinary tract infection during pregnancy and ensure a healthier pregnancy overall.

The Role of Hygiene in UTI Prevention

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common issue during pregnancy, and practicing good hygiene can help prevent them. The bacteria that cause UTIs can easily enter the urethra and travel up to the bladder, so it’s important to maintain proper hygiene habits to keep the urinary tract healthy.

1. Cleanse Properly

One of the most important aspects of hygiene is proper cleansing. When going to the bathroom, always remember to wipe from front to back. This helps prevent the spread of bacteria from the rectal area to the urethra. It’s also important to cleanse the genital area gently with mild soap and warm water daily.

2. Stay Hydrated

Drinking plenty of water is crucial for maintaining urinary tract health. Adequate hydration helps flush out bacteria and toxins from the urinary system, reducing the risk of UTIs. Aim to drink at least 8 glasses of water per day, and increase your intake if you are physically active or in a hot climate.

In addition to these hygiene practices, it’s important to wear loose-fitting, breathable underwear and avoid using irritating feminine hygiene products. It’s also recommended to urinate before and after sexual intercourse to help flush out any bacteria that may have entered the urethra.

By following these hygiene practices, you can greatly reduce the risk of developing a UTI during pregnancy. If you experience any symptoms of a UTI, such as a frequent urge to urinate, burning sensation during urination, or cloudy urine, be sure to consult your healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment.

The Importance of Adequate Hydration

Pregnant women are at an increased risk of developing urinary tract infections (UTIs), and the importance of adequate hydration cannot be overstated in preventing and treating UTIs.

UTIs occur when bacteria enter the urinary tract and multiply, causing infection. During pregnancy, hormonal changes can affect the urinary system, making pregnant women more susceptible to UTIs. Additionally, the growing uterus can exert pressure on the bladder, making it more difficult to fully empty, which can also increase the risk of infection.

Why is hydration important?

Staying properly hydrated is crucial for overall health, and it plays a critical role in preventing UTIs. When you drink enough fluids, it helps to flush out bacteria from the urinary tract, reducing the risk of infection. Proper hydration also helps to dilute urine, making it less concentrated and less likely to irritate the urinary tract.

In addition to preventing UTIs, adequate hydration during pregnancy offers numerous benefits. It helps to maintain healthy amniotic fluid levels, supports the development of the placenta, and aids in the proper functioning of the kidneys. It can also alleviate common pregnancy symptoms such as constipation and swelling.

How much water should you drink?

While the exact amount of water needed can vary from person to person, a general guideline is to aim for at least 8 cups (64 ounces) of water per day. However, pregnant women may require even more fluids due to the increased blood volume and the needs of the developing fetus.

It’s important to note that other fluids, such as herbal tea or fruit-infused water, can contribute to your daily fluid intake. However, it’s best to limit or avoid drinks that are high in sugar or caffeine, as they can have a diuretic effect and decrease hydration.

Remember to listen to your body’s signals of thirst and drink water throughout the day to stay adequately hydrated.

In conclusion, staying hydrated is crucial for pregnant women to prevent and treat UTIs. By drinking enough fluids, you can help flush out bacteria, dilute urine, and maintain overall health during pregnancy.

Regular Urination as a Prevention Strategy

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) can be a common complication during pregnancy. However, there are simple strategies that pregnant women can adopt to help prevent UTIs, such as regular urination.

When pregnant, hormonal changes and pressure from the growing uterus can increase the likelihood of developing a UTI. By emptying the bladder regularly, bacteria have less time to multiply and cause an infection.

It is recommended to empty the bladder at least every two to three hours, even if there is no immediate urge to urinate. This can be achieved by setting a schedule and consciously making an effort to use the bathroom regularly.

In addition to regular urination, it is important to drink plenty of water throughout the day. Staying hydrated helps flush out any bacteria that may be present in the urinary tract and reduces the risk of infection.

Avoiding holding urine for long periods of time is also crucial. When the bladder is not emptied regularly, bacteria have more time to multiply and increase the risk of developing a UTI. Putting a reminder on a phone or using a bathroom buddy system can be helpful in remembering to go to the bathroom regularly.

Lastly, it is important to practice good hygiene habits, such as wiping from front to back after using the toilet and keeping the genital area clean. This can help prevent bacteria from entering the urinary tract and causing an infection.

In conclusion, regular urination is a simple and effective prevention strategy for UTIs during pregnancy. By making an effort to empty the bladder regularly, staying hydrated, and practicing good hygiene, pregnant women can reduce their risk of developing a UTI.

Seeking Medical Help for UTI in Pregnancy

When it comes to UTIs during pregnancy, it’s important to seek medical help promptly. UTIs can potentially lead to complications if left untreated, and these complications can have a negative impact on both the mother and the developing baby.

If you suspect that you have a UTI, it’s crucial to contact your healthcare provider right away. They can provide a proper diagnosis and prescribe antibiotics that are safe to take during pregnancy. Taking prescribed antibiotics as directed is essential for treating the infection effectively.

While waiting for your appointment, make sure to drink plenty of water and urinate regularly to help flush out bacteria from your urinary tract. It’s also important to avoid any potentially irritating substances, such as caffeine and alcohol.

In some cases, a urine sample may be required for analysis to confirm the presence of a UTI. Your healthcare provider may also perform additional tests to check for any complications or underlying factors contributing to the infection.

Remember, UTIs should never be ignored or self-diagnosed during pregnancy. By seeking medical help promptly, you can receive appropriate treatment to ensure a healthy pregnancy and reduce the risk of complications.

Key Points:

If you suspect a UTI during pregnancy, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and take prescribed antibiotics as directed.
Stay hydrated and urinate frequently to help flush out bacteria.
Avoid substances that can potentially irritate the urinary tract.
Avoid ignoring or self-diagnosing a UTI during pregnancy.

Q&A:

What causes UTIs in pregnancy?

UTIs in pregnancy are mostly caused by the hormonal changes that occur in the body during pregnancy. These changes can affect the urinary tract and make it more susceptible to infections.

What are the symptoms of a UTI during pregnancy?

The symptoms of a UTI during pregnancy may include a frequent urge to urinate, a burning sensation during urination, cloudy or strong-smelling urine, pelvic pain, and sometimes even a low-grade fever.

Can untreated UTIs in pregnancy harm the baby?

Yes, untreated UTIs in pregnancy can lead to complications and potentially harm both the mother and the baby. The infection can spread to the kidneys and cause a more serious condition called pyelonephritis, which may increase the risk of preterm labor or low birth weight.

How are UTIs in pregnancy treated?

UTIs in pregnancy are typically treated with antibiotics. The specific antibiotic prescribed will depend on the severity of the infection and the individual’s medical history. It is important to complete the full course of antibiotics to ensure that the infection is completely eradicated.

Can UTIs be prevented during pregnancy?

There are several steps that can be taken to prevent UTIs during pregnancy. These include drinking plenty of water, urinating frequently, wiping from front to back after using the bathroom, avoiding irritants such as bubble baths or feminine hygiene sprays, and wearing cotton underwear.

What is UTI?

UTI stands for Urinary Tract Infection. It is an infection that occurs in any part of the urinary system, such as the kidneys, bladder, ureters, or urethra.

How common are UTIs during pregnancy?

UTIs are relatively common during pregnancy. It is estimated that around 2-10% of pregnant women will develop a urinary tract infection at some point during their pregnancy.