Chronic Sore Throat: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

A chronic sore throat is a persistent condition characterized by discomfort and pain in the throat. It is often caused by inflammation and can lead to hoarseness and difficulty speaking. While occasional sore throats are common, a chronic sore throat is more persistent and can be quite debilitating.

There are several possible causes for a chronic sore throat, including viral or bacterial infections, acid reflux, allergies, and irritants such as cigarette smoke. Infections such as strep throat or tonsillitis can result in long-term throat pain if left untreated. Acid reflux, where stomach acid flows back into the throat, can cause chronic inflammation and soreness. Allergies to pollen, dust mites, or pet dander can also lead to persistent throat discomfort.

The symptoms of a chronic sore throat may vary depending on the underlying cause. Common symptoms include a persistent sore throat, difficulty swallowing, a dry and scratchy sensation in the throat, and swollen glands in the neck. Hoarseness and a gravelly voice are also common symptoms. If left untreated, a chronic sore throat can affect daily activities, such as eating, speaking, and sleeping.

Treatment for a chronic sore throat will depend on the underlying cause. In the case of an infection, antibiotics may be prescribed to eliminate the bacteria. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can help alleviate throat pain. For acid reflux, lifestyle changes such as avoiding spicy foods and elevating the head during sleep may be recommended. Allergy medications, such as antihistamines or nasal sprays, can be used to manage allergies that cause throat inflammation.

Causes of Chronic Sore Throat

A chronic sore throat, characterized by persistent pain and discomfort in the throat, can have various causes. Understanding these underlying causes is essential to effectively treat and manage the condition.

1. Inflammation and Irritation

Inflammation and irritation of the throat are common causes of chronic sore throat. This can be due to various factors, such as:

Postnasal drip: Excess mucus dripping down the back of the throat can cause irritation and inflammation.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): Stomach acid flowing back into the throat can lead to chronic irritation.
Allergies: Allergic reactions to certain substances, such as pollen or pet dander, can cause throat inflammation and soreness.
Environmental factors: Exposure to irritants like smoke, chemicals, or dry air can irritate the throat and cause chronic soreness.

2. Infections

Certain infections can also result in a chronic sore throat. These may include:

Strep throat: A bacterial infection caused by streptococcus bacteria.
Tonsillitis: Inflammation of the tonsils, often caused by a viral or bacterial infection.
Chronic sinusitis: Inflammation of the sinuses can lead to postnasal drip and throat discomfort.
Mononucleosis: A viral infection that can cause persistent sore throat, among other symptoms.

3. Chronic Conditions

Some underlying chronic conditions can contribute to a persistent sore throat, including:

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): Chronic acid reflux can irritate the throat and cause ongoing soreness.
Chronic tonsillitis: Recurrent episodes of tonsillitis can result in a chronically sore throat.
Chronic sinusitis: Ongoing inflammation in the sinuses can lead to a persistent sore throat.
Pharyngitis: Inflammation of the pharynx, often caused by a viral infection, can cause chronic throat pain.

It is important to consult a healthcare professional if you have a chronic sore throat to determine the specific cause and develop an appropriate treatment plan. Treatment options may include medications, lifestyle changes, or in some cases, surgery.

Possible Causes	Symptoms
Inflammation and Irritation	Throat pain, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing
Infections	Fever, swollen lymph nodes, white patches on tonsils
Chronic Conditions	Recurrent sore throat, persistent discomfort

Common Symptoms of Chronic Sore Throat

A chronic sore throat can be characterized by a range of symptoms that may persist over a prolonged period. These symptoms may include:

1. Hoarseness:	Chronic sore throat often leads to a hoarse voice, making it difficult to speak clearly. This hoarseness can persist even after the soreness of the throat subsides.
2. Discomfort:	Individuals with chronic sore throat may experience ongoing discomfort, such as a feeling of irritation or a raw sensation in the throat.
3. Sore throat:	As the name suggests, a persistent sore throat is a common symptom of this condition. The throat may feel dry, scratchy, or tender, and swallowing can be painful.
4. Chronic irritation:	The persistent irritation caused by chronic sore throat can lead to a constant urge to clear the throat or cough.
5. Persistent pain:	Chronic sore throat can cause mild to moderate pain that lasts for an extended period. This pain can vary in intensity and may be exacerbated by certain activities like eating or talking.

If you are experiencing these common symptoms of chronic sore throat, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Impact of Chronic Sore Throat on Daily Life

A chronic sore throat can have a significant impact on a person’s quality of life. The constant irritation, pain, and discomfort in the throat can make it difficult to perform everyday activities.

Chronic sore throat often leads to hoarseness and a persistent feeling of inflammation in the throat. This can affect one’s ability to speak clearly, which can be particularly challenging for those who rely on their voice for their profession, such as teachers or public speakers.

Physical Impact

The physical symptoms of chronic sore throat can cause fatigue and difficulty sleeping, as the pain and discomfort can make it hard to get a good night’s rest. The throat may feel constantly raw and sore, making swallowing and eating painful.

The inflammation in the throat can also cause a persistent cough and frequent throat clearing, which can be embarrassing and disruptive in social situations.

Emotional Impact

Living with a chronic sore throat can also take a toll on a person’s emotional well-being. The constant pain and discomfort can lead to feelings of frustration, irritability, and even depression. It can be challenging to enjoy daily activities and maintain a positive outlook when one is constantly dealing with throat problems.

Social interactions may also be affected, as individuals with chronic sore throat may have difficulty speaking clearly or participating in conversations without discomfort. This can lead to feelings of isolation and withdrawal from social settings.

In conclusion, chronic sore throat can have a profound impact on daily life. It can affect physical well-being, emotional state, and social interactions. Seeking proper treatment and managing the symptoms can help alleviate these challenges and improve overall quality of life.

Diagnosing Chronic Sore Throat

If you have been experiencing persistent discomfort or pain in your throat, it is important to seek medical attention for a proper diagnosis. Chronic sore throat refers to a condition where the discomfort or pain in the throat lasts for an extended period of time, generally lasting for more than three months. It can be caused by various factors, including throat irritation, inflammation, or underlying health issues.

Common Symptoms and Signs

When diagnosing chronic sore throat, doctors will look for specific symptoms and signs that indicate a persistent problem. These may include:

Regular throat pain or discomfort that lasts for several weeks or months
Difficulty swallowing or a sensation of a lump in the throat
Hoarseness or changes in voice quality
Recurring sore throat without any obvious cause, such as a cold or infection
Swollen lymph nodes in the neck
Chronic cough or throat clearing
Bad breath or unpleasant taste in the mouth

Diagnostic Tests

To determine the cause of your chronic sore throat, your doctor may perform several diagnostic tests. These tests may include:

Throat culture: a swab test to check for bacterial or fungal infection
Blood tests: to detect any underlying conditions or infections
Endoscopy: a procedure using a flexible tube with a light and camera to examine the throat and vocal cords
Imaging tests: such as X-ray or CT scan, to look for any structural abnormalities or tumors
Allergy testing: to identify any allergens that may be causing throat irritation

Based on the results of these tests, your doctor will be able to determine the underlying cause of your chronic sore throat and recommend an appropriate treatment plan. It is important to follow your doctor’s advice and continue any prescribed treatments to alleviate your symptoms and promote healing.

Importance of Early Detection

Early detection of chronic or persistent sore throat is crucial for timely treatment and prevention of further complications. Inflammation and irritation of the throat can lead to long-lasting pain and discomfort, affecting daily activities and overall quality of life.

By recognizing the symptoms of a chronic sore throat, such as persistent hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, and a constant feeling of something stuck in the throat, individuals can seek medical attention sooner, allowing for a prompt diagnosis and treatment plan.

Ignoring or delaying treatment for a chronic sore throat can result in the worsening of symptoms and the development of complications. These complications may include recurrent infections, vocal cord damage, and the spread of infection to surrounding areas.

Additionally, early detection of the underlying cause of a chronic sore throat, whether it be due to an infection, allergies, or other factors, can help in targeting the appropriate treatment and managing the condition effectively.

Overall, early detection of a chronic sore throat is crucial for preventing further discomfort and complications. If you are experiencing persistent throat pain or any related symptoms, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Treatment Options for Chronic Sore Throat

There are several treatment options available for individuals suffering from chronic sore throat. The specific treatment will depend on the underlying cause of the discomfort.

If the chronic sore throat is caused by a bacterial infection, such as strep throat, antibiotics may be prescribed. These medications can help to eliminate the infection and reduce inflammation in the throat.

For cases that are caused by allergies or gastric reflux, lifestyle changes and medication may be recommended. Avoiding irritants, such as cigarette smoke and environmental allergens, can help to reduce throat irritation. Antihistamines or proton pump inhibitors may also be prescribed to further alleviate symptoms.

In some cases, persistent hoarseness and chronic sore throat may require surgical intervention. This can involve procedures such as tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy to remove the source of irritation and pain.

It is important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the best course of treatment for chronic sore throat. The underlying cause will need to be identified and appropriate measures taken to relieve the discomfort and promote healing.

Medication for Chronic Sore Throat

If you are suffering from a chronic sore throat that persists for an extended period of time, it is important to seek medical treatment. Your doctor may recommend medication to help alleviate the inflammation, persistent throat pain, hoarseness, and irritation that you are experiencing.

One common medication that is often prescribed for chronic sore throat is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), such as ibuprofen or naproxen. These medications can help reduce inflammation and provide relief from soreness and discomfort.

Another type of medication that may be prescribed is a throat lozenge or spray. These products often contain ingredients like menthol or benzocaine, which can help numb the throat and provide temporary relief from pain and irritation.

In some cases, your doctor may prescribe a corticosteroid medication. These medications can help reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system, which may be causing the persistent sore throat symptoms.

It is important to follow your doctor’s instructions when taking any medication for chronic sore throat. Be sure to take the medication as prescribed and report any side effects or concerns to your healthcare provider.

In addition to medication, there are also lifestyle changes that you can make to help manage your chronic sore throat. Avoiding irritants such as smoking and environmental pollutants, staying hydrated, and using a humidifier can help alleviate symptoms and prevent future episodes of throat discomfort.

If you have been experiencing persistent throat pain, hoarseness, or irritation, schedule an appointment with your doctor to discuss your symptoms and potential treatment options. With the right medication and lifestyle changes, you can find relief from your chronic sore throat and improve your overall quality of life.

Home Remedies for Managing Chronic Sore Throat

If you’re experiencing persistent hoarseness, pain, irritation, or inflammation in your throat, you may be dealing with a chronic sore throat. While it’s always important to consult with a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan, there are some home remedies that may help manage the symptoms of a chronic sore throat.

1. Saltwater gargle

A saltwater gargle can help soothe the throat and reduce inflammation. Mix half a teaspoon of salt in a glass of warm water and gargle with it for about 30 seconds before spitting it out. Repeat this several times a day.

2. Honey and warm water

Combine a tablespoon of honey with a glass of warm water and drink it slowly. Honey has natural antibacterial properties and can help alleviate sore throat symptoms.

3. Steam inhalation

Inhaling steam can provide temporary relief for a chronic sore throat. Boil water in a pot, remove it from the heat, and lean over the pot with a towel covering your head to trap the steam. Breathe in the steam for about 10 minutes.

4. Herbal teas

Drinking herbal teas, such as chamomile or ginger tea, can help soothe a chronic sore throat. These teas have anti-inflammatory properties and may provide relief from pain and discomfort.

5. Stay hydrated

Drinking plenty of fluids, such as water and warm liquids like soup or broth, can help keep the throat moist and prevent further irritation. Avoid caffeinated and alcoholic beverages as they can dehydrate the body.

Remedy	Description
Saltwater gargle	Mix salt with warm water and gargle to reduce inflammation.
Honey and warm water	Combine honey with warm water and drink to alleviate symptoms.
Steam inhalation	Inhale steam to temporarily relieve a chronic sore throat.
Herbal teas	Drink chamomile or ginger tea to soothe the throat.
Stay hydrated	Drink plenty of fluids to keep the throat moist and prevent irritation.

Remember, these home remedies are not meant to replace professional medical advice. If your symptoms persist or worsen, it’s important to seek medical attention for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Preventing Chronic Sore Throat

Chronic sore throat, characterized by persistent inflammation and irritation in the throat, can cause significant discomfort and pain. However, there are measures you can take to prevent and minimize the chances of developing chronic sore throat.

Maintaining Good Hygiene

Practicing good hygiene is crucial in preventing the spread of throat infections that can lead to chronic sore throat. Wash your hands regularly with soap and water, especially after coming into contact with someone who has a sore throat. Avoid sharing utensils, glasses, or any personal items that can harbor germs and viruses.

Avoiding Irritants

Avoiding irritants that can cause inflammation and irritation in the throat is another key preventive measure to reduce the risk of developing chronic sore throat. Stay away from cigarette smoke, secondhand smoke, and other environmental pollutants. Additionally, try to avoid excessive yelling or straining your voice, as this can lead to hoarseness and throat discomfort.

By taking these preventive measures, you can decrease the likelihood of experiencing chronic sore throat and the associated discomfort it brings.

When to Seek Medical Help for Chronic Sore Throat

If you are experiencing persistent throat pain, hoarseness, and discomfort that lasts for several weeks, it is important to seek medical help for your chronic sore throat. While occasional throat irritation and inflammation can be normal, chronic sore throat may be a sign of an underlying condition that requires medical attention.

There are several reasons why you should consider seeing a healthcare professional for your chronic sore throat. Firstly, a persistent sore throat could be a symptom of an infection such as strep throat or tonsillitis, which may require antibiotic treatment. Additionally, chronic throat irritation could be a sign of a more serious condition such as throat cancer, especially in individuals who smoke or consume excessive amounts of alcohol.

If your chronic sore throat is accompanied by difficulty swallowing, breathing difficulties, or the feeling of a lump in your throat, it is crucial to seek immediate medical attention. These symptoms could indicate a more severe condition such as an obstruction in the throat or a tumor.

Common symptoms that warrant medical attention:

Severe throat pain that lasts for more than two weeks
Hoarseness or changes in your voice
Persistent sore throat that does not improve with home remedies
Difficulty swallowing or breathing
Unexplained weight loss
Presence of blood in saliva or phlegm

When you visit a healthcare professional for your chronic sore throat, they will likely perform a physical examination of your throat and ask about your medical history and symptoms. They may also recommend additional tests such as a throat swab culture, blood tests, or imaging studies to help diagnose the underlying cause of your symptoms.

Remember, it is always better to seek medical help for a chronic sore throat to ensure an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Your healthcare provider can provide you with the necessary guidance and support to alleviate your discomfort and improve your overall throat health.

Complications Associated with Chronic Sore Throat

Chronic sore throat can lead to various complications if left untreated. The persistent inflammation and irritation in the throat can result in several discomforting symptoms, causing significant pain and discomfort for the affected individual.

1. Difficulty Swallowing (Dysphagia)

One of the common complications of chronic sore throat is difficulty swallowing, medically known as dysphagia. The inflammation and soreness in the throat can make it challenging to swallow food or liquids, leading to a decreased appetite and potential weight loss.

2. Sleep disturbances

Chronic sore throat can also interfere with sleep patterns, causing difficulties falling asleep or staying asleep throughout the night. The persistent pain and discomfort in the throat can make it difficult to find a comfortable sleeping position, leading to disrupted sleep and fatigue.

In addition to these two specific complications, chronic sore throat can negatively impact overall quality of life, affecting daily activities, work productivity, and personal relationships. It is essential to seek medical attention and proper treatment for chronic sore throat to prevent these complications and improve overall well-being.

Long-term Outlook for Chronic Sore Throat

Chronic sore throat can be a persistent condition that causes ongoing irritation and discomfort in the throat. This condition is characterized by long-lasting inflammation and pain in the throat, which can also lead to hoarseness and difficulty speaking.

The long-term outlook for chronic sore throat depends on the underlying cause of the condition and the effectiveness of treatment. If the underlying cause is successfully identified and treated, the symptoms of chronic sore throat may improve or even resolve completely.

However, in some cases, chronic sore throat may be caused by a more serious condition, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or chronic sinusitis. These conditions may require ongoing management and treatment to alleviate the symptoms of chronic sore throat.

It is important to seek medical attention if you experience chronic sore throat, as the underlying cause may need to be addressed to provide long-term relief. A healthcare professional can evaluate your symptoms, perform diagnostic tests, and recommend appropriate treatment options.

In addition to medical treatment, there are also lifestyle changes that may help alleviate symptoms and improve the long-term outlook for chronic sore throat. These may include avoiding irritants such as smoking or environmental pollutants, maintaining proper hydration, and practicing good vocal hygiene.

Overall, the long-term outlook for chronic sore throat depends on the individual and their specific circumstances. With proper medical evaluation and treatment, many individuals can find relief from the persistent discomfort and inflammation associated with chronic sore throat.

Alternative Therapies for Chronic Sore Throat

If you are experiencing persistent sore throat, hoarseness, or chronic pain, there are alternative therapies that may provide relief. These therapies can help reduce inflammation, irritation, and discomfort associated with a chronic sore throat.

1. Herbal remedies: Some herbs have anti-inflammatory properties that can help soothe a sore throat. For example, slippery elm and licorice root are known for their soothing effects on the mucous membranes, while chamomile and marshmallow root can help reduce inflammation.

2. Warm saline gargles: Gargling with warm salt water can help reduce inflammation and kill bacteria in the throat. Mix half a teaspoon of salt in a glass of warm water and gargle several times a day.

3. Honey and warm water: Drinking a mixture of honey and warm water can help soothe a sore throat and provide temporary relief from discomfort. Honey has antimicrobial properties that can help fight off bacteria and soothe inflammation.

4. Essential oils: Inhalation of certain essential oils, such as eucalyptus or peppermint oil, can provide relief from a sore throat. Add a few drops of the oil to a bowl of hot water, cover your head with a towel, and inhale the steam for several minutes.

5. Acupuncture: Acupuncture is an alternative therapy that involves the insertion of thin needles into specific points of the body. It can help reduce pain, inflammation, and promote healing in the throat.

While these alternative therapies may provide relief for a chronic sore throat, it is important to consult a healthcare professional before trying them. They can help determine the underlying cause of your sore throat and provide appropriate treatment.

Supportive Care for Chronic Sore Throat

If you’re suffering from chronic sore throat, there are several supportive care measures you can take to alleviate your symptoms and promote healing. These strategies focus on reducing inflammation, irritation, and pain in the throat, as well as providing relief from the persistent discomfort that comes with a sore throat.

One of the most effective ways to provide supportive care for chronic sore throat is through regular saltwater gargles. Mixing half a teaspoon of salt in a glass of warm water and gargling with it several times a day can help reduce inflammation and soothe the soreness in your throat.

In addition to saltwater gargles, it is important to stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids. Water, herbal teas, and warm liquids can help alleviate throat irritation and keep your throat moist, reducing discomfort. Avoid caffeine and alcohol, as they can contribute to dehydration and further irritate your throat.

Using a humidifier or vaporizer in your bedroom can also be beneficial, especially during the winter months when indoor heating can cause dryness in the air. Moist air can help relieve throat dryness and soothe any irritation or hoarseness you may be experiencing.

If your sore throat is accompanied by a persistent cough, throat lozenges or over-the-counter throat sprays can provide temporary relief. These products often contain ingredients like menthol or numbing agents that can help numb the throat and alleviate pain and discomfort.

It is important to rest your voice and avoid excessive talking or shouting, as this can strain your vocal cords and exacerbate throat symptoms. Speak softly and try to limit your use of the voice as much as possible until your throat has healed.

In some cases, over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can be helpful in reducing pain and inflammation associated with chronic sore throat. However, it is always best to consult with a healthcare professional before taking any medication, especially if you have any underlying medical conditions or are taking other medications.

Supportive care measures can provide relief for chronic sore throat, but if your symptoms persist or worsen over time, it is important to seek medical attention. Your healthcare provider can evaluate your condition and provide appropriate treatment options to help alleviate your symptoms and address any underlying causes contributing to your chronic sore throat.

Inflammation	Irritation	Persistent
Pain	Sore	Discomfort
Hoarseness

Healthy Lifestyle Choices for Chronic Sore Throat

When dealing with chronic sore throat, making healthy lifestyle choices can help alleviate symptoms and reduce the frequency of irritation and inflammation in the throat. Here are some tips to promote throat health:

Eat a Balanced Diet

Consuming a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can provide the necessary nutrients to support a healthy immune system. A strong immune system can help fight off infections and reduce throat inflammation and pain.

Avoid Irritants

Avoiding irritants such as cigarette smoke, air pollution, and strong chemical fumes can reduce throat irritation and discomfort. These irritants can worsen throat inflammation and contribute to persistent sore throat symptoms.

Stay Hydrated

Drinking an adequate amount of water throughout the day can help keep the throat moist and prevent dryness that can lead to soreness and hoarseness. Hydration also helps thin mucus and facilitate its removal, reducing throat congestion and irritation.

Practice Good Hygiene

Practicing good hygiene, such as regularly washing hands and avoiding close contact with people who have cold or flu symptoms, can help reduce the risk of throat infections. Viral and bacterial infections are common causes of chronic sore throat, so taking preventive measures can be beneficial.

Overall, adopting a healthy lifestyle that includes a nutritious diet, avoidance of irritants, proper hydration, and good hygiene practices can contribute to the management of chronic sore throat. However, it is important to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and personalized treatment plan.

Research and Advances in Chronic Sore Throat

Chronic sore throat, characterized by persistent pain and discomfort in the throat, is a condition that affects many individuals. Ongoing research in this field has led to significant advances in understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for this condition.

Causes

Research has identified several potential causes of chronic sore throat. These can include bacterial or viral infections, allergies, acid reflux, and environmental factors. Understanding the underlying cause of the condition is crucial for effective treatment and management.

Symptoms

Individuals with chronic sore throat often experience symptoms such as irritation, hoarseness, and a persistent feeling of discomfort in the throat. These symptoms can significantly impact an individual’s quality of life, affecting their ability to speak, swallow, and sleep.

Advances in research have led to a better understanding of the specific symptoms associated with chronic sore throat, allowing healthcare professionals to provide accurate diagnoses and customized treatment plans.

Treatment

Treatment options for chronic sore throat have improved over the years due to research and advances in medical knowledge. Depending on the underlying cause, treatment can include antibiotics for bacterial infections, antihistamines for allergies, and proton pump inhibitors for acid reflux.

In some cases, lifestyle changes such as avoiding triggers and maintaining good oral hygiene can also contribute to symptom relief. Surgical interventions may be recommended in severe cases that do not respond to conservative treatment measures.

With ongoing research, scientists and medical professionals continue to develop new treatment methods and techniques to alleviate the discomfort associated with chronic sore throat. Early detection, accurate diagnosis, and targeted treatment plans are essential for improving the quality of life for individuals affected by this condition.

Q&A:

What are some common causes of chronic sore throat?

Some common causes of chronic sore throat include allergies, acid reflux, smoking, dry air, and infections such as the common cold or strep throat.

How can allergies cause a chronic sore throat?

Allergies can cause a chronic sore throat by triggering an immune response that leads to inflammation and irritation in the throat, resulting in persistent discomfort.

What are the symptoms of chronic sore throat?

The symptoms of chronic sore throat may include a persistent sensation of dryness or scratching in the throat, difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, and sometimes swollen glands.

What are some home remedies for treating chronic sore throat?

Some home remedies for treating chronic sore throat include drinking warm liquids, gargling with salt water, staying hydrated, using a humidifier, and avoiding irritants such as smoking or pollution.

When should I see a doctor for a chronic sore throat?

You should see a doctor for a chronic sore throat if the pain and discomfort persist for more than two weeks, if you have difficulty swallowing or breathing, or if you experience other symptoms such as fever or rash.

What are the common causes of chronic sore throat?

The common causes of chronic sore throat include allergies, acid reflux, smoking, dry air, postnasal drip, and infections such as strep throat or tonsillitis.

How can allergies cause chronic sore throat?

Allergies can cause chronic sore throat because the allergens irritate the throat lining and trigger an immune response, leading to persistent inflammation and discomfort.